ABSTRACT
Vascular compression of the tracheobronchial tree can create troublesome respiratory problems after an otherwise successful correction of a cardiac defect. This case represents a left main bronchial obstruction caused by dilated descending aorta after ligation of patent ductus arteriosus. An 8-month-old boy received an operation of mitral valve repair and PDA ligation due to mitral regurgitation and PDA. After the operation, atelectasis of left lung developed. The left main bronchial obstruction by dilated descending aorta was found on chest CT scan. The second operation was done. In the operative field, it was found that the sight of ligation of PDA was too close to left pulmonary artery, and redundant descending aorta compressed anteriorly left main bronchus. Ligated PDA was divided, the redundant descending aorta was opened and sutured to decrease the size. After the operation, atelectasis of left lung was resolved.